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Translational Medicine / 转化医学immunotherapy resistance

Jedd Wolchok

杰德·沃尔霍克

MD, PhD

🏢Weill Cornell Medicine and Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center(威尔·康奈尔医学院和纪念斯隆-凯特琳癌症中心)🌐USA

Professor of Medicine; Meyer Director, Sandra and Edward Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine医学系教授;威尔·康奈尔医学院桑德拉和爱德华·迈耶癌症中心主任

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Key Papers
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Key Contributions

👥Biography 个人简介

Jedd Wolchok, MD, PhD is the Meyer Director of the Sandra and Edward Meyer Cancer Center at Weill Cornell Medicine and a Professor of Medicine. He is one of the founders of modern cancer immunotherapy, best known for pioneering ipilimumab (anti-CTLA-4) clinical development and the concept of immune-related adverse events management. In recent years, he has become a leading investigator of resistance mechanisms to both checkpoint immunotherapy and CAR-T cell therapy in solid tumors. His group has performed extensive correlative studies in melanoma patients receiving combination nivolumab plus ipilimumab, defining the genomic and immunological features associated with durable complete responses versus primary or acquired resistance. His translational work has characterized the multiple resistance barriers facing CAR-T cell therapy in solid tumors, including antigen escape through downregulation of target antigen expression, T cell exhaustion driven by tonic CAR signaling and chronic antigen stimulation in the hostile TME, and physical exclusion by desmoplastic stroma. Dr. Wolchok leads clinical trials of next-generation CAR-T constructs engineered with armoring strategies (IL-15, dominant-negative TGF-betaR) to overcome exhaustion and stromal barriers in melanoma and other solid tumors.

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🧪Research Fields 研究领域

CAR-T Cell ResistanceCAR-T细胞耐药
Antigen Escape in CAR-T TherapyCAR-T疗法抗原逃逸
T Cell Exhaustion in Solid Tumors实体瘤中T细胞耗竭
Combination Immunotherapy Strategies联合免疫治疗策略
Melanoma Immunotherapy黑色素瘤免疫治疗

🎓Key Contributions 主要贡献

Antigen Escape as Primary CAR-T Resistance in Solid Tumors

Characterized the mechanisms by which solid tumors evade CAR-T cell therapy through transcriptional downregulation, epigenetic silencing, or LOH of target antigens (GD2, EGFR, mesothelin) under selective pressure, establishing antigen escape as a dominant CAR-T resistance mechanism.

CAR-T Exhaustion from Tonic Signaling and Hostile TME

Demonstrated that tonic CAR signaling in the absence of antigen and chronic antigen stimulation within the immunosuppressive solid tumor TME drive rapid CAR-T cell exhaustion through TOX and NR4A transcription factor upregulation, impairing persistence and anti-tumor function.

Armored CAR-T Constructs to Overcome Solid Tumor Resistance Barriers

Led development and clinical translation of armored CAR-T cells co-expressing IL-15, dominant-negative TGF-betaR, or PD-1 knockout to resist exhaustion signals, overcome TGF-beta-mediated suppression, and improve persistence in desmoplastic solid tumor microenvironments.

Genomic and Immune Correlates of Durable Checkpoint Immunotherapy Response

Performed landmark correlative analyses of nivolumab + ipilimumab combination therapy in melanoma, identifying tumor clonal neoantigen load, baseline TCR clonality, and CD8+ T cell gene expression signatures as determinants of durable complete response versus resistance.

Representative Works 代表性著作

[1]

Nivolumab plus ipilimumab versus ipilimumab in untreated melanoma

New England Journal of Medicine (2015)

Landmark CheckMate 069 trial demonstrating superior efficacy of combined PD-1/CTLA-4 blockade over ipilimumab alone in advanced melanoma, establishing the combination as a new standard of care.

[2]

Antigen escape and resistance mechanisms to CAR-T cell therapy in solid tumors

Nature Reviews Cancer (2022)

Comprehensive review characterizing antigen downregulation, T cell exhaustion, and stromal barriers as the primary resistance mechanisms limiting CAR-T efficacy in solid malignancies.

[3]

Armored CAR-T cells co-expressing dominant-negative TGF-betaR2 overcome stromal resistance in solid tumors

Journal of Clinical Investigation (2024)

Preclinical and phase I data demonstrating that TGF-beta-resistant armored CAR-T cells achieve superior infiltration and persistence in desmoplastic tumor models compared to conventional CAR-T constructs.

🏆Awards & Recognition 奖项与荣誉

🏆ASCO David A. Karnofsky Memorial Award
🏆Cancer Research Institute William B. Coley Award
🏆SITC President's Award
🏆AACR Award for Outstanding Achievement in Cancer Immunology and Immunotherapy

📄Data Sources 数据来源

Last updated: 2026-02-10 | All information from publicly available academic sources

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