Douglas Hanahan

Douglas Hanahan co-authored with Robert Weinberg the landmark 'Hallmarks of Cancer' reviews (2000, 2011, 2022) that provided a unifying conceptual framework for the biological capabilities that cancer cells acquire during oncogenesis. These hallmarks — sustained proliferative signaling, evasion of growth suppressors, resisting cell death, enabling replicative immortality, inducing angiogenesis, activating invasion and metastasis, reprogramming metabolism, evading immune destruction, and others — have become the dominant organizing framework in cancer biology education and research. His research on tumor angiogenesis contributed mechanistically to anti-VEGF therapy development.