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clinical / clinicalATR WEE1 CHK1 DDR inhibitors, CDK inhibitor first-in-human, replication stress oncology

Geoffrey I. Shapiro

杰弗里·沙皮罗

MD, PhD

🏢Dana-Farber Cancer Institute; Harvard Medical School(丹娜-法伯癌症研究所;哈佛医学院)🌐USA

Director, Early Drug Development Center; Attending Physician, Medical Oncology; Professor of Medicine, Harvard Medical School早期药物开发中心主任;医学肿瘤科主治医师;哈佛医学院医学教授

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Key Papers
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Awards
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Key Contributions

👥Biography 个人简介

Geoffrey I. Shapiro, MD, PhD is Director of the Early Drug Development Center at Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Professor of Medicine at Harvard Medical School, where he leads one of the world's most distinguished programs in DNA damage response (DDR) inhibitor and cell cycle-targeted drug development. Dr. Shapiro is recognized as the preeminent academic clinician-scientist in the clinical development of ATR, WEE1, CHK1, and CDK inhibitors, having led first-in-human phase I trials of many of the defining agents in the DDR inhibitor field. His laboratory pioneered the translational pharmacodynamic framework for DDR inhibitors — establishing γH2AX, RPA32 phosphorylation, and replication catastrophe biomarkers as in-tumor proof-of-mechanism endpoints routinely incorporated into DDR phase I trials globally. Dr. Shapiro led the first-in-human phase I of the ATR inhibitor berzosertib (M6620/VX-970), demonstrating replication stress pharmacodynamics and early clinical activity in combination with gemcitabine, and established the clinical rationale for ATR inhibition in tumors with defects in the ATM-p53 axis. He also led the first-in-human palbociclib (CDK4/6 inhibitor) phase I trial, establishing the recommended phase II dose and neutropenia as the principal dose-limiting toxicity — foundational data for the three palbociclib phase III breast cancer trials that transformed endocrine-sensitive breast cancer therapy. Dr. Shapiro has mentored numerous physician-scientists and serves on multiple NCI and AACR scientific advisory committees.

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🧪Research Fields 研究领域

ATR Kinase Inhibitors — First-in-Human Phase I Development and Replication Stress BiologyATR激酶抑制剂——首次人体I期开发与复制应激生物学
WEE1 Inhibitors — Phase I CDK/WEE1 Combination Development and Mitotic Entry PharmacodynamicsWEE1抑制剂——I期CDK/WEE1组合开发与有丝分裂进入药效学
CDK Inhibitors — First-in-Human Phase I of CDK4/6 and Pan-CDK InhibitorsCDK抑制剂——CDK4/6与泛CDK抑制剂首次人体I期
CHK1 Inhibitors — Early Clinical Development of DNA Damage Checkpoint InhibitorsCHK1抑制剂——DNA损伤检查点抑制剂早期临床开发
DNA Damage Response Pharmacology — Translational Biomarker Development for DDR-Targeted AgentsDNA损伤应答药理学——DDR靶向药物转化生物标志物开发

🎓Key Contributions 主要贡献

Palbociclib First-in-Human Phase I — CDK4/6 Inhibition and Cell Cycle Pharmacodynamics

Led the first-in-human phase I clinical trial of palbociclib (PD-0332991), the first selective CDK4/6 inhibitor, in patients with advanced solid tumors and hematologic malignancies (JCO 2012). Established the 125 mg oral dose on a 3-weeks-on/1-week-off schedule as the recommended phase II dose, defined grade 4 neutropenia as the principal dose-limiting toxicity, and performed pharmacodynamic studies demonstrating Rb hyperphosphorylation suppression and G1 cell cycle arrest in tumor biopsies as in vivo proof of CDK4/6 inhibition. This foundational work directly enabled the PALOMA-1/2/3 phase III breast cancer trials that led to palbociclib FDA approval in 2015 and transformed the treatment of HR+/HER2- metastatic breast cancer.

ATR Inhibitor First-in-Human Phase I — Replication Stress and DDR Combination Therapy

Led the first-in-human phase I trial of berzosertib (M6620/VX-970), a potent and selective ATR kinase inhibitor, in combination with topotecan and subsequently with gemcitabine. Demonstrated that ATR inhibition potentiates replication fork collapse, inducing replication catastrophe (RPA32 S4/8 phosphorylation, pan-nuclear γH2AX, CDT1 degradation) in tumor biopsies as pharmacodynamic proof-of-mechanism. Established that tumors with ATM mutation or p53 deficiency show preferential sensitivity to ATR inhibition due to dependency on the ATR-CHK1 replication stress response pathway, informing patient selection for ongoing ATR inhibitor combination trials.

WEE1 Inhibitor Phase I Development — Mitotic Catastrophe and CDK-WEE1 Pharmacodynamics

Conducted early-phase development of WEE1 inhibitors, including adavosertib (AZD1775), characterizing the mechanism of mitotic catastrophe induction (premature mitotic entry via CDK1 Y15 dephosphorylation), the dose-dependent hematologic and GI toxicity profile, and the pharmacodynamic markers of WEE1 engagement including pCDC2/CDK1-Y15 suppression in tumor and PBMC. Led combination phase I studies pairing WEE1 inhibition with cisplatin, carboplatin, and gemcitabine, defining synergistic schedules and the role of replication fork stalling in sensitization, and identifying CCNE1 amplification/cyclin E overexpression as a potential biomarker of WEE1 inhibitor sensitivity.

Translational Biomarker Platform for DDR Inhibitors

Developed and validated the comprehensive translational biomarker platform for DNA damage response inhibitor clinical trials now widely used internationally, including serial tumor biopsy protocols, pharmacodynamic endpoint panels (γH2AX immunofluorescence quantification, pRPA32 Western blot, comet assay, CDT1 degradation), and paired PBMC surrogate biomarker assessments. Published consensus frameworks for DDR biomarker measurement, inter-laboratory harmonization, and the statistical models linking pharmacodynamic marker modulation to clinical outcome prediction in DDR phase I trials.

Representative Works 代表性著作

[1]

First-in-Human Phase I Study of the CDK4/6 Inhibitor Palbociclib (PD-0332991) in Patients with Advanced Cancer

Journal of Clinical Oncology (2012)

First-in-human palbociclib phase I establishing safety, pharmacokinetics, recommended phase II dose, and Rb pharmacodynamic proof-of-CDK4/6 inhibition, enabling all subsequent breast cancer phase III trials.

[2]

Phase I Study of the ATR Inhibitor M6620 in Combination with Topotecan in Patients with Advanced Solid Tumors

Journal of Clinical Oncology (2018)

First-in-human ATR inhibitor combination trial demonstrating replication catastrophe pharmacodynamics in tumor biopsies and establishing clinical proof-of-concept for ATR inhibition as a replication stress sensitizer.

[3]

Phase I/II Study of Adavosertib (AZD1775) and Olaparib for Refractory Solid Tumors with CCNE1 Amplification or Homologous Recombination Repair Deficiency

Journal of Clinical Oncology (2021)

Biomarker-selected WEE1 + PARP inhibitor combination trial identifying CCNE1 amplification as a predictor of dual DDR inhibitor sensitivity, defining a precision oncology strategy for cyclin E-high tumors.

[4]

Replication Stress as a Basis for Sensitivity to ATR Inhibitors

Nature Reviews Cancer (2018)

Seminal review establishing the conceptual framework for targeting replication stress with ATR inhibitors, linking oncogene-induced replication fork stalling, ATM/p53 pathway defects, and clinical biomarkers of ATR inhibitor sensitivity.

🏆Awards & Recognition 奖项与荣誉

🏆AACR Award for Outstanding Achievement in Chemistry and Cancer Research
🏆American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) Young Investigator Award
🏆Dana-Farber Cancer Institute Distinguished Research Award
🏆National Cancer Institute Outstanding Investigator Award (R35)
🏆Conquer Cancer Foundation Career Development Award

📄Data Sources 数据来源

Last updated: 2026-04-06 | All information from publicly available academic sources

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