Robert A. Weinberg
罗伯特·温伯格
PhD
Daniel K. Ludwig Professor for Cancer Research, MIT; Founding Member, Whitehead InstituteMIT丹尼尔·K·路德维希癌症研究教授；怀特黑德研究所创始成员
👥Biography 个人简介
Robert Weinberg is one of the founding architects of modern cancer biology. He co-discovered the first human oncogene (RAS) in 1982 and the first tumor suppressor gene (RB1) in 1986, establishing the two-hit hypothesis of tumor suppressor inactivation. His landmark review with Douglas Hanahan, 'Hallmarks of Cancer,' articulated six (later ten) defining biological capabilities acquired by cancer cells, becoming the most cited paper in cancer biology. Weinberg's laboratory has also made seminal contributions to epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and cancer stem cell biology.
🧪Research Fields 研究领域
🎓Key Contributions 主要贡献
First Human Oncogene (RAS)
Co-isolated the first activated human oncogene from a bladder carcinoma cell line, identifying mutant RAS as a transforming gene and opening the molecular era of cancer biology.
RB1 Tumor Suppressor Gene
Cloned the retinoblastoma susceptibility gene (RB1), establishing the paradigm of tumor suppressor loss-of-function in cancer and validating Knudson's two-hit hypothesis.
Hallmarks of Cancer Framework
Co-authored the 'Hallmarks of Cancer' reviews that defined the conceptual framework for understanding the acquired capabilities enabling malignant transformation.
Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition
Demonstrated EMT as a critical program enabling cancer invasion, metastasis, and acquisition of stem cell properties, shaping understanding of metastatic disease.
Representative Works 代表性著作
A Human Oncogene Formed by the Fusion of Truncated Sequences of the c-Ha-ras and Ras Genes
Nature (1982)
Discovery of the first human oncogene, mutant RAS from bladder carcinoma, marking the birth of molecular oncology.
The Hallmarks of Cancer
Cell (2000)
Landmark review defining six hallmark capabilities of cancer cells; one of the most cited papers in biomedical science history.
Hallmarks of Cancer: The Next Generation
Cell (2011)
Expanded framework incorporating four additional hallmarks including reprogrammed energy metabolism and tumor-promoting inflammation.
🏆Awards & Recognition 奖项与荣誉
📄Data Sources 数据来源
Last updated: 2026-01-15 | All information from publicly available academic sources
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